{"id":9729,"date":"2023-08-10T14:37:22","date_gmt":"2023-08-10T14:37:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/?p=9729"},"modified":"2023-09-13T12:33:11","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T12:33:11","slug":"diz-kapagi-cikigi-patella-dislokasyonu-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/diz-kapagi-cikigi-patella-dislokasyonu-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/\">Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a> (Patella Dislokasyonu) Nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) , diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n normalde uyluk (femur) kemi\u011fi \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011fu oluktan tamamen \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve diz ekleminin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 demektir. Genelde diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk seferinde yerinden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fiddetli bir travma veya darbe gerekirken tekrarlayan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131klar \u00e7ok daha kolay ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n<p>Diz kapa\u011f\u0131 ile uyluk kemi\u011finin birbiriyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekleme patellofemoral eklem denir. Bu diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki k\u0131k\u0131rdak tabaka ile uyluk kemi\u011finin \u00e7ukur k\u0131sm\u0131 eklemin y\u00fczlerini olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n<p>Diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 uylu\u011fun \u00f6n taraf\u0131nda dizimizi a\u00e7mam\u0131z\u0131 ve kilitlememizi sa\u011flayan kuadriseps kas\u0131n\u0131n daha verimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ve diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olmas\u0131 gereken yerde \u00e7e\u015fitli ba\u011f , kaslar tutar.<\/p>\n<p>Uylu\u011fun d\u0131\u015f yan k\u0131sm\u0131nda kal\u00e7adan dize kadar inen ba\u011f dokusu tensor fasya lata, patellar\u00a0ligament, diz eklem kaps\u00fcl\u00fc, patellofemoral ligament, meniskopatellar ligament, kuadriseps kas\u0131 diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tutan yap\u0131lard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Diz kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 en s\u0131k olarak d\u0131\u015f yana do\u011fru olur. Bu s\u0131rada i\u00e7 taraftaki kas ve ligamanlar a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilir ve zedelenir. Diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tam \u00e7\u0131kmadan k\u0131smen yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine ise subluksasyon denir.<\/p>\n<p>Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) iki \u015fekilde olur.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Bunlar ;<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Akut (\u0130lk) Patella \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Kronik (Tekrarlayan) Patella \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Akut (\u0130lk) Patella \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 Nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u0130lk defa olu\u015fan (akut) patella \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131nda genelde bir travma vard\u0131r. Bu travma esnas\u0131nda patellan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli destekleyicisi olan MPFL (Medial patellofemoral ligament) ba\u011f\u0131 kopar. Patella d\u0131\u015fa do\u011fru kayar ve \u00e7\u0131kar. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman d\u0131\u015fa do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olan patella diz hareketiyle tekrar trokleaya oturur. Ama art\u0131k patellan\u0131n troklea \u00fczerinde dengede kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan MPFL ba\u011f\u0131 kopuktur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tekrar \u00e7\u0131kma riski vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kronik ( Tekrarlayan) Patella \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 Nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Travma olmadan basit diz hareketleri veya ani hareketlerle patellan\u0131n d\u0131\u015fa do\u011fru kayarak \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durum s\u0131k aral\u0131klarla tekrarlar.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Patella \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Tekrarlamas\u0131n\u0131n Nedenleri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130lk \u00e7\u0131k\u0131k s\u0131ras\u0131nda kopmu\u015f olan MPFL ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015fmemi\u015f olmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Do\u011fumsal olarak ya da sonradan olu\u015fmu\u015f olan anatomik farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n olmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>\u00d6rne\u011fin;<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Patellan\u0131n yuvas\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz troklean\u0131n \u00e7ukurunun s\u0131\u011f olmas\u0131 veya d\u00fcz olmas\u0131 yani \u00e7ukurun olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 (Troklear Displazi). Bu durumda patella yuvaya oturamaz ve kolayl\u0131kla d\u0131\u015fa kayar.<\/li>\n<li>Patellan\u0131n normal yerle\u015fim yerine g\u00f6re daha yukar\u0131ya yerle\u015fim g\u00f6stermesi (Patella Alta). Bu durumda patella troklear yuvan\u0131n \u00fczerinde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kolayl\u0131kla d\u0131\u015f tarafa kayar.<\/li>\n<li>Patellan\u0131n kaval kemi\u011fe (Tibia) ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan patellar tendonun kaval kemi\u011fine normale g\u00f6re daha d\u0131\u015f noktadan tutunmas\u0131. Bu durumda diz kapa\u011f\u0131 patellar tendon taraf\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015f tarafa \u00e7ekilerek \u00e7\u0131kmaya zorlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>MPFL ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n normalden daha uzun ve esnek olmas\u0131. Bu durumda patellan\u0131n yuvas\u0131nda kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan en \u00f6nemli destekleyicisi olan bu ba\u011f \u00e7al\u0131\u015famaz.<\/li>\n<li>Uyluk kemi\u011fi (Femur) ve kaval kemi\u011findeki (Tibia) yap\u0131sal veya sonradan olu\u015fmu\u015f baz\u0131 anatomik bozukluklar da patella \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131na sebebiyet verir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><strong>Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) Nedenleri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ayak yerde d\u00fcz dururken diz eklemi hafif b\u00fck\u00fcl\u00fc bir pozisyonda i\u00e7e do\u011fru d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrse diz kapa\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Bu genellikle egzersiz s\u0131ras\u0131nda olur. Ve akut veya travmatik \u00e7\u0131k\u0131k olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu yaralanmaya neden olabilecek tipik sporlar ;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Futbol,<\/li>\n<li>Hentbol,<\/li>\n<li>Dans<\/li>\n<li>Jimnastiktir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Akut patella \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fczde 80 ile en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen formdur. Patella \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha az yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Subluksasyon durumunda, diz kapa\u011f\u0131 tamamen d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00fczerinde hareket etti\u011fi yuvas\u0131nda yana do\u011fru hareket eder. Bu, \u00f6nceki bir diz yaralanmas\u0131ndan veya \u00e7ok gev\u015fek olan ba\u011flardan dolay\u0131 meydana gelebilir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) Belirtileri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Bu rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fayan ki\u015filer \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcr\u00fcrken dizlerinin katlarken merdiven \u00e7\u0131karken veya oturma pozisyonundan aya\u011fa kalkarken diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok fazla hareket etti\u011fini ya da ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00e7ok fazla merdiven \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ysa veya \u00e7ok fazla yol y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcyse dizinin \u00e7ok a\u011fr\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hatta \u015fi\u015fti\u011fini, hatta \u0131s\u0131 art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerler. Ki\u015filerin ya\u015fam kalitesini \u00e7ok fazla etkileyerek ciddi bir diz a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 neden olur. \u00d6nlemi al\u0131nmazsa diz kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evresindeki ba\u011flar\u0131 zorlayacak ve ilerleyen zamanlarda ba\u011f yaralanmalar\u0131na da sebep verecektir.<\/p>\n<p>Ak\u0131llara gelen bir di\u011fer soru ise neden bu diz kapa\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kma e\u011filimindedir? Bunun sebebi de \u015fudur ki, baca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n d\u0131\u015f grubundaki kaslar i\u00e7 grubundaki kaslardan daha kuvvetlidir ve zay\u0131flama durumunda baca\u011f\u0131n d\u0131\u015f grubundaki kaslar, diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00e7ok d\u0131\u015fa \u00e7ekerek olmas\u0131 gereken yerden daha fazla d\u0131\u015fa gelmesine neden olurlar. \u0130\u015fte bu da diz kaymas\u0131n\u0131n yani pateller dislokasyonun g\u00f6stergesi olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) Nas\u0131l Te\u015fhis Edilir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Patella \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131s\u0131 hastan\u0131n hikayesi, detayl\u0131 fizik muayene, direkt grafiler, MRG ve gerekirse BT (bilgisayarl\u0131 tomografi) ile konur. Tan\u0131 koyman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hastan\u0131n patella \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sebebiyetini ve altta yatan t\u00fcm anatomik farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 irdelemek gereklidir. Do\u011fru tedavi ancak t\u00fcm anatomik problemleri saptay\u0131p gerekenleri d\u00fczelterek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) i\u00e7in Risk Fakt\u00f6rleri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Diz kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskini art\u0131ran \u00e7ok say\u0131da etken vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c7arp\u0131k bacak gibi bacaklarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fekil bozukluklar\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>Deforme olmu\u015f hareket yuvas\u0131 veya di\u011fer anatomik \u00f6zellikler,<\/li>\n<li>Diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n normalden daha y\u00fcksekte bulunmas\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>Zay\u0131f bir i\u00e7 uyluk kas\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>Hipermobil (a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hareketli) eklemler veya zay\u0131f ba\u011flar,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) <\/strong><strong>Nas\u0131l Tedavi Edilir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u0130lk tedavi diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yerine yerle\u015ftirilmesidir. E\u011fer kendili\u011finden yerine oturmam\u0131\u015fsa zorlayarak siz yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131n, acil servise veya ortopediste gidin.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n derecesine g\u00f6re tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Egzersiz,<\/li>\n<li>Diz korsesi,<\/li>\n<li>Fizik tedavi<\/li>\n<li>Ameliyat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>E\u011fer hasta erken d\u00f6nemde ba\u015fvurmu\u015fsa a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 azalt\u0131c\u0131 ve k\u0131k\u0131rdak dokuyu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirici ila\u00e7 ve egzersiz program\u0131 \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lerlemi\u015f vakalarda ise artroskopik cerrahi ile diz kapa\u011f\u0131 yerine oturtulur. Y\u0131pranan dokular temizlenir.<\/p>\n<p>Ameliyat\u0131n durumuna g\u00f6re hasta, 3 ile 4 hafta sonra g\u00fcnl\u00fck normal ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131na d\u00f6nebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Gerekli durumlarda diz protezi de uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) Nedir? Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) , diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n normalde uyluk (femur) kemi\u011fi \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011fu oluktan tamamen \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve diz ekleminin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 demektir. Genelde diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk seferinde yerinden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fiddetli bir travma veya darbe gerekirken tekrarlayan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131klar \u00e7ok daha kolay ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Diz kapa\u011f\u0131 ile uyluk kemi\u011finin birbiriyle [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9739,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[20,818],"tags":[2482],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.5 (Yoast SEO v18.4.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) Nedir? - Turkey Istanbul Medical<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) , diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n normalde uyluk (femur) kemi\u011fi \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011fu oluktan tamamen \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/diz-kapagi-cikigi-patella-dislokasyonu-nedir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) Nedir?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) , diz kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n normalde uyluk (femur) kemi\u011fi \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011fu oluktan tamamen \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/diz-kapagi-cikigi-patella-dislokasyonu-nedir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Turkey Istanbul Medical\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-08-10T14:37:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-09-13T12:33:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Patella-Dislocation-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"471\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Turkey Istanbul Medical\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Turkey Istanbul Medical\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/\",\"sameAs\":[],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/#logo\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr-TR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/cropped-TIM-1-1-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/cropped-TIM-1-1-1.png\",\"width\":394,\"height\":324,\"caption\":\"Turkey Istanbul Medical\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/#logo\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/\",\"name\":\"Turkey Istanbul Medical\",\"description\":\"Healthcare consulting - Best Doctors and Hospital Istanbul\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr-TR\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/diz-kapagi-cikigi-patella-dislokasyonu-nedir\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr-TR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Patella-Dislocation-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Patella-Dislocation-1.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":471,\"caption\":\"Patella Dislocation\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/diz-kapagi-cikigi-patella-dislokasyonu-nedir\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/diz-kapagi-cikigi-patella-dislokasyonu-nedir\/\",\"name\":\"Diz Kapa\u011f\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Patella Dislokasyonu) Nedir? 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