{"id":11385,"date":"2025-10-27T13:29:37","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T13:29:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/?p=11385"},"modified":"2025-10-30T15:19:45","modified_gmt":"2025-10-30T15:19:45","slug":"hpv-insan-papilloma-virusu-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/hpv-insan-papilloma-virusu-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"HPV (\u0130nsan Papilloma Vir\u00fcs\u00fc) Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

HPV<\/a> (\u0130nsan Papilloma Vir\u00fcs\u00fc<\/a>) Nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

HPV (\u0130nsan Papilloma Vir\u00fcs\u00fc) cinsel yolla bula\u015fan bir vir\u00fcst\u00fcr. Bu HPV vir\u00fcsleri deri ve mukoza zarlar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen birden fazla vir\u00fcs t\u00fcr\u00fcnden olu\u015fan bir ailedir. HPV’nin \u00e7e\u015fitli varyasyonlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 enfeksiyonlara sebep olabilirken baz\u0131lar\u0131 hi\u00e7bir semptom geli\u015fmesine neden olmaz.<\/p>\n

En yayg\u0131n belirtisi genital b\u00f6lgede veya an\u00fcs \u00e7evresinde olu\u015fan si\u011fillerdir. Bununla birlikte, \u00e7o\u011fu HPV enfeksiyonu sessizdir. Ve ki\u015fi hi\u00e7bir belirti veya semptom ya\u015famaz.<\/p>\n

HPV’nin baz\u0131 tipleri kansere neden olabilir. Kad\u0131nlarda\u00a0serviks (rahim a\u011fz\u0131) kanserine\u00a0ve erkeklerde penis, an\u00fcs ve bo\u011faz kanserine yol a\u00e7abilir. Erken te\u015fhis ve tedavi edilmedi\u011finde bu kanserler ciddi olabilir.<\/p>\n

HPV enfeksiyonlar\u0131ndan korunman\u0131n en iyi yolu cinsel aktivitenin s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve prezervatif kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu kesin bir koruma sa\u011flamaz. Gen\u00e7 erkek ve kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 mevcuttur. Ve cinsel aktivite \u00f6ncesi a\u015f\u0131lama \u00f6nerilmektedir.<\/p>\n

HPV cinsel yolla bula\u015fan hastal\u0131klar aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n bir vir\u00fcst\u00fcr. Ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 cinsel ili\u015fki ve d\u00fczenli tarama ile bu enfeksiyonun \u00f6nlenmesi veya erken te\u015fhisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

HPV Tipleri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

HPV tipleri, v\u00fccutta neden olduklar\u0131 etkiler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck riskli ve y\u00fcksek riskli olmak \u00fczere iki ana grupta incelenir.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck riskli tipler \u00e7o\u011funlukla genital si\u011fil gibi iyi huylu lezyonlara neden olurken, y\u00fcksek riskli HPV tipleri baz\u0131 kanser t\u00fcrlerinin geli\u015fiminde \u00f6nemli rol oynar.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle HPV 16 ve HPV 18, rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri vakalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fundan sorumludur. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra HPV 31, 33, 45, 52 ve 58 gibi tipler de kansere yol a\u00e7abilen y\u00fcksek riskli grupta yer al\u0131r. HPV\u2019nin tipi, ki\u015finin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 risk d\u00fczeyini belirlemede kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n

HPV tipleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

HPV 6 ve 11: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Genital si\u011fillerin en yayg\u0131n nedenidir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck riskli kabul edilir ve kansere yol a\u00e7ma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

HPV 16 ve 18: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri ve di\u011fer genital kanserlerle en \u00e7ok ili\u015fkilendirilen y\u00fcksek riskli HPV tipleridir. Kanser \u00f6ncesi h\u00fccresel de\u011fi\u015fimlere neden olabilirler.<\/p>\n

HPV 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Y\u00fcksek risk grubundad\u0131r. Rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, an\u00fcs, penis, vajina, vulva ve a\u011f\u0131z-bo\u011faz b\u00f6lgesi kanserlerinde de etkili olabilirler.<\/p>\n

HPV 26, 53, 66, 67, 70, 73, 82: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Orta derecede risk ta\u015f\u0131yan tiplerdir. Kanser geli\u015fimiyle do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili olmasa da baz\u0131 durumlarda izlenebilir.<\/p>\n

HPV 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 61, 72, 81: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck riskli kabul edilir. Genital b\u00f6lgede si\u011fil ve hafif lezyonlara neden olabilirler, kansere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

HPV\u2019nin hangi tipine sahip olundu\u011funun bilinmesi, ki\u015finin takibinde ve gerekli \u00f6nlemlerin planlanmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol oynar. Gerekli durumlarda uzman kontrol\u00fc ve d\u00fczenli tarama testleri ile bu risk y\u00f6netilebilir.<\/p>\n

HPV Nas\u0131l Bula\u015f\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

HPV\u2019nin en yayg\u0131n bula\u015fma yolu cinsel temast\u0131r.<\/strong>\u00a0Vir\u00fcs, enfekte ki\u015finin cilt veya mukozas\u0131yla do\u011frudan temas sonucunda partnerine ge\u00e7er. Vajinal, anal veya oral cinsel ili\u015fki s\u0131ras\u0131nda HPV kolayca bula\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n

Tam bir birle\u015fme olmasa bile yak\u0131n cilt temas\u0131, s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme gibi davran\u0131\u015flar da vir\u00fcs\u00fcn ge\u00e7mesine yeterli olabilir. HPV enfeksiyonu ta\u015f\u0131yan biri, herhangi bir belirti g\u00f6stermese bile vir\u00fcs\u00fc partnerine bula\u015ft\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n

HPV, v\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda uzun s\u00fcre canl\u0131 kalamayan bir vir\u00fcst\u00fcr. Bu nedenle ortak kullan\u0131lan e\u015fyalar<\/strong>\u00a0veya y\u00fczeyler \u00fczerinden bula\u015fma ihtimali d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Yine de nadiren de olsa, enfekte genital b\u00f6lgeye temas etmi\u015f havlu, i\u00e7 \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gibi ki\u015fisel e\u015fyalar\u0131n ortak kullan\u0131m\u0131yla vir\u00fcs\u00fcn ge\u00e7ebilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Umumi tuvalet veya hamam gibi nemli ortamlarda, hijyen ko\u015fullar\u0131 yetersizse teorik olarak bula\u015f riski olsa da bu olduk\u00e7a ender g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir durumdur.<\/p>\n

Anne adaylar\u0131nda aktif HPV enfeksiyonu varsa,\u00a0do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda bebe\u011fe bula\u015fma<\/strong>\u00a0ihtimali vard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle annenin do\u011fum kanal\u0131nda aktif genital si\u011filler (HPV 6 veya 11 nedeniyle) bulunuyorsa,\u00a0normal do\u011fum<\/strong>\u00a0esnas\u0131nda bebek HPV ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilir. Bu durum, bebekte nadir de olsa g\u0131rtlak b\u00f6lgesinde si\u011fil olu\u015fumuna (Juvenil Laringeal Papillomatozis<\/strong>) yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle, gebelikte aktif genital HPV enfeksiyonu tespit edilen baz\u0131 vakalarda doktorlar\u00a0sezaryen\u00a0do\u011fumu<\/strong>\u00a0\u00f6nerebilmektedir.<\/p>\n

HPV Belirtileri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

HPV (\u0130nsan Papilloma Vir\u00fcs\u00fc) enfeksiyonu, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman belirti vermeden ilerlese de baz\u0131 durumlarda \u00e7e\u015fitli sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. En yayg\u0131n belirtisi si\u011filler olsa da, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn t\u00fcr\u00fcne ve enfekte olan b\u00f6lgeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 semptomlar g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

HPV belirtileri \u015funlard\u0131r;<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Kad\u0131nlarda G\u00f6r\u00fclen HPV Belirtileri<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Kad\u0131nlarda HPV enfeksiyonlar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman belirti g\u00f6stermeden ilerler. Ancak baz\u0131 durumlarda, vulva, vajina, rahim a\u011fz\u0131 veya an\u00fcs \u00e7evresinde si\u011filler olu\u015fabilir. Bu si\u011filler tekli veya \u00e7oklu, d\u00fcz ya da karnabahar g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcml\u00fc olabilir. Boyutlar\u0131 ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilir. Bazen \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olanlar g\u00f6zle zor se\u00e7ilirken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ve fark edilir \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n

Kad\u0131nlarda HPV enfeksiyonu bazen g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir bir belirti olu\u015fturmaz. Ancak d\u00fczenli jinekolojik kontroller s\u0131ras\u0131nda saptanan anormal h\u00fccre de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, \u00f6nemli bir uyar\u0131 olabilir. \u00d6zellikle Pap smear testi sayesinde, rahim a\u011fz\u0131nda kad\u0131nlarda HPV\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak geli\u015fen h\u00fccresel de\u011fi\u015fiklikler erken evrede tespit edilebilir.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek riskli HPV tipleri genellikle belirgin bir fiziksel \u015fikayete yol a\u00e7maz. Bu nedenle, herhangi bir belirti olmasa bile d\u00fczenli olarak tarama yapt\u0131rmak kad\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00fczenli sa\u011fl\u0131k kontrolleri sayesinde, kad\u0131nlarda HPV enfeksiyonu hem erken saptanabilir.\u00a0 Hem de olas\u0131 komplikasyonlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebilir. Si\u011fil gibi belirtiler g\u00f6zlemlendi\u011finde veya Pap smear testinde anormal sonu\u00e7lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, zaman kaybetmeden bir sa\u011fl\u0131k profesyoneline dan\u0131\u015fmak gerekir.<\/p>\n

Erkeklerde G\u00f6r\u00fclen HPV Belirtileri<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Erkeklerde HPV enfeksiyonlar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla herhangi bir belirti g\u00f6stermeden ilerler ve v\u00fccut taraf\u0131ndan kendili\u011finden temizlenebilir. Ancak, vir\u00fcs v\u00fccutta kal\u0131c\u0131 hale geldi\u011finde en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan belirti, penis, skrotum (testis torbas\u0131), an\u00fcs \u00e7evresi veya nadiren bo\u011fazda geli\u015fen si\u011fillerdir.<\/p>\n

Bu si\u011filler tekli ya da \u00e7oklu olabilir. Bazen d\u00fcz, kabar\u0131k ya da karnabahar benzeri bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcme sahip olabilirler. A\u011f\u0131z ve bo\u011faz gibi b\u00f6lgelerde de nadiren si\u011fil veya lezyonlar g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

Erkeklerde HPV i\u00e7in rutin bir tarama testi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, genital b\u00f6lgede ya da an\u00fcs \u00e7evresinde herhangi bir si\u011fil, cilt de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi veya ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131 lezyon fark edildi\u011finde zaman kaybetmeden bir sa\u011fl\u0131k uzman\u0131na ba\u015fvurmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u00fcksek riskli HPV tipleri, uzun s\u00fcre belirti vermeden v\u00fccutta kalabilir. \u0130lerleyen d\u00f6nemde h\u00fccresel de\u011fi\u015fikliklere neden olarak penis kanseri gibi ciddi sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Erken te\u015fhis ve d\u00fczenli sa\u011fl\u0131k kontrolleri sayesinde, olas\u0131 komplikasyonlar \u00f6nlenebilir . Ve vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yay\u0131lmas\u0131 engellenebilir. \u00d6zellikle belirti fark edilmeyen erkeklerde HPV enfeksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi zor oldu\u011fundan, ciltte veya mukozada \u015f\u00fcpheli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde mutlaka uzmana dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklarda<\/strong> G\u00f6r\u00fclen HPV Belirtileri <\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u00c7ocuklarda HPV do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda anneden bebe\u011fe ge\u00e7ebilir. Veya cilt temas\u0131 yoluyla bula\u015fabilir. \u00c7ocuklarda el, ayak veya y\u00fcz b\u00f6lgesinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen si\u011filler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Bu si\u011filler \u00e7o\u011fu hastada a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131zd\u0131r. Ve tedaviyle ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131labilir. Nadir durumlarda solunum yollar\u0131nda papillomatozis ad\u0131 verilen bir durum meydana gelir. Bu durumda ses k\u0131s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya nefes alma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi semptomlar g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

HPV Enfeksiyonun Yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 Art\u0131ran Fakt\u00f6rler Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

HPV enfeksiyonu sonras\u0131 hi\u00e7bir m\u00fcdahale gerektirmeden 1 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde y\u00fczde 80 hastada, 2 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde de y\u00fczde 90 hastada enfeksiyon ortadan kalkmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu hastalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 8-9\u2019unda enfeksiyon 2 y\u0131ldan uzun s\u00fcre sebat etmektedir. Ve t\u00fcm hastalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 1\u2019inden az\u0131nda y\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde invaziv rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

HPV enfeksiyonundan rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanserine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre genellikle on y\u0131llarla ifade edilir. Ancak \u00e7ok nadir durumlarda daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede de kanser geli\u015fme ihtimali bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

HPV enfeksiyonunun kendili\u011finden gerilemesini engelleyen ve yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na neden olan fakt\u00f6rler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Cinsel Aktiviteler:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

HPV’nin en yayg\u0131n bula\u015fma yolu cinsel temast\u0131r. \u00c7ok say\u0131da cinsel partneri olan veya erken ya\u015fta cinsel ili\u015fkiye ba\u015flayan ki\u015filerde risk daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n

Korunmas\u0131z cinsel ili\u015fki, HPV bula\u015fma riskini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k Sistemi:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin zay\u0131f olmas\u0131, v\u00fccudun HPV’ye kar\u015f\u0131 direncinin azalmas\u0131na ve enfeksiyonun yay\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/p>\n

HIV\/AIDS gibi ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini zay\u0131flatan hastal\u0131klar veya imm\u00fcnosupresif ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 riski art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sigara Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Sigara, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini zay\u0131flatarak HPV enfeksiyonuna kar\u015f\u0131 direnci azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

HPV ile ili\u015fkili kanserlerin riskini de art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer Cinsel Yolla Bula\u015fan Enfeksiyonlar:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Di\u011fer cinsel yolla bula\u015fan enfeksiyonlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, HPV bula\u015fma riskini art\u0131rabilir. Ve enfeksiyonun yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fam Tarz\u0131 Fakt\u00f6rleri:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Yorgunluk, stres, yetersiz beslenme gibi ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 fakt\u00f6rleri, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini zay\u0131flatarak HPV enfeksiyonuna kar\u015f\u0131 direnci d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilir.<\/p>\n

Hormonal Durumlar:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Hamilelik gibi hormonal de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan HPV enfeksiyonu daha kolay yay\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Ki\u015fisel Hijyen:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ki\u015fisel hijyen eksikli\u011fi, baz\u0131 durumlarda dolayl\u0131 yollar ile HPV bula\u015fma riskini artt\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n

Kanser Tedavileri ve Steroid \u0130la\u00e7 Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Kanser tedavileri, kemoterapi ve radyoterapi, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini zay\u0131flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Steroid t\u00fcr\u00fc ila\u00e7lar\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini zay\u0131flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

HPV ile \u0130li\u015fkili Kanserler Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Rahim A\u011fz\u0131 (Serviks) Kanseri:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

HPV\u2019nin neden oldu\u011fu en yayg\u0131n kanser t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Serviks kanserlerinin %99\u2019undan fazlas\u0131<\/strong> HPV enfeksiyonuna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00fczenli smear (PAP) testleri<\/strong> ve HPV taramalar\u0131<\/strong>, erken te\u015fhis i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6nemdedir.<\/p>\n

Vajina Kanseri:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Kad\u0131nlarda nadir g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle vajinan\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131nda geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7o\u011fu vaka y\u00fcksek riskli HPV t\u00fcrlerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Vulva Kanseri:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Kad\u0131n d\u0131\u015f genital b\u00f6lgesinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

Genellikle ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131nlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclse de HPV pozitif olan gen\u00e7 kad\u0131nlarda da geli\u015febilir.<\/p>\n

Penis Kanseri:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Nadir g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ama vakalar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 HPV ile ili\u015fkilidir.<\/p>\n

Genellikle s\u00fcnnetsiz erkeklerde daha y\u00fcksek risk g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Anal (Makat) Kanseri:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Kad\u0131n ve erkeklerde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle anal seks yapan bireylerde ve HIV pozitif ki\u015filerde risk daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n

Anal kanser vakalar\u0131n\u0131n %90\u2019\u0131 HPV enfeksiyonuna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

A\u011f\u0131z-Bo\u011faz ve Ba\u015f-Boyun Kanserleri:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

(Oral, orofaringeal, bademcik, dil k\u00f6k\u00fc vb.)<\/p>\n

Oral seks yoluyla HPV bula\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n

HPV pozitif orofaringeal kanserler giderek artmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Erkeklerde bu tip kanserler daha yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

HPV Tan\u0131s\u0131 Nas\u0131l Konur?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

HPV tan\u0131s\u0131, fiziksel muayene, Pap smear testi, HPV testi, kolposkopi ve biyopsi y\u00f6ntemleri ile konulur. Enfeksiyon, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman belirti g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi i\u00e7in d\u00fczenli kontroller \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Fiziksel Muayene: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Jinekoloji hekiminiz, genital b\u00f6lgede si\u011fil veya anormal lezyon olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eder. Si\u011fil g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi halinde bu, HPV\u2019nin bir i\u015fareti olabilir.<\/p>\n

Pap Smear Testi:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Kad\u0131nlarda rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri taramas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan bir testtir. Rahim a\u011fz\u0131ndan al\u0131nan h\u00fccre \u00f6rnekleri laboratuvarda incelenir. Testle, anormal h\u00fccre de\u011fi\u015fikliklerini tespit edebilir.<\/p>\n

HPV Testi: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Genellikle Pap smear testi ile birlikte veya anormal Pap smear sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 durumunda yap\u0131l\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek riskli vir\u00fcs tiplerini tespit etmede etkilidir.<\/p>\n

Kolposkopi: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Rahim a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc elde etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir. Anormal alanlar\u0131n daha iyi g\u00f6r\u00fclmesini ve biyopsi al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Biyopsi: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Anormal g\u00f6r\u00fcnen doku \u00f6rne\u011finin al\u0131narak mikroskop alt\u0131nda incelenmesidir. Kesin tan\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

HPV Nas\u0131l Tedavi Edilir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

HPV (\u0130nsan Papilloma Vir\u00fcs\u00fc) enfeksiyonunun do\u011frudan bir antiviral tedavisi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak, HPV’nin neden oldu\u011fu si\u011filler ve lezyonlar tedavi edilebilir. Ve rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri gibi ciddi komplikasyonlar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in tarama ve takip \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Si\u011fil Tedavisi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Topikal \u0130la\u00e7lar: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Doktor taraf\u0131ndan re\u00e7ete edilen kremler veya sol\u00fcsyonlar si\u011fillerin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesine veya kaybolmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n

Kriyoterapi (Dondurma): <\/strong><\/h4>\n

S\u0131v\u0131 nitrojen ile si\u011filler dondurularak yok edilir.<\/p>\n

Elektrokoter (Yakma): <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 kullan\u0131larak si\u011filler yak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Lazer Tedavisi: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Lazer \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile si\u011filler yok edilir.<\/p>\n

Cerrahi \u00c7\u0131karma: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck veya diren\u00e7li si\u011filler cerrahi olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Rahim A\u011fz\u0131 Kanseri \u00d6nleme ve Tedavisi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Pap Smear Testi:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Rahim a\u011fz\u0131 h\u00fccrelerindeki anormal de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri tespit etmek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenli olarak yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kolposkopi: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Anormal Pap smear sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 olan kad\u0131nlarda rahim a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 daha yak\u0131ndan incelemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir prosed\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Biyopsi: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u015e\u00fcpheli lezyonlardan doku \u00f6rne\u011fi al\u0131narak laboratuvar ortam\u0131nda incelenir.<\/p>\n

LEEP (Loop Elektrokoter Eksizyon Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc):<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Anormal h\u00fccreleri \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in elektrikle \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lan ince bir tel halka kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Konizasyon:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Rahim a\u011fz\u0131ndan koni \u015feklinde doku \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015flemidir.<\/p>\n

Kanser Tedavisi:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri te\u015fhis edilirse, cerrahi, radyoterapi veya kemoterapi gibi kanser tedavileri uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

HPV A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 Nedir? Ve Kimlere Uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>, HPV enfeksiyonuna kar\u015f\u0131 koruyuculuk sa\u011flayan ve vir\u00fcs\u00fcn belirli y\u00fcksek riskli tiplerine kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kazand\u0131ran bir a\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu a\u015f\u0131, HPV\u2019nin en s\u0131k kansere yol a\u00e7an tiplerini (\u00f6rne\u011fin 16 ve 18) ve ayr\u0131ca si\u011fillere neden olan tiplerini (6 ve 11) i\u00e7erebilir. \u00dclkemizde ve d\u00fcnyada kullan\u0131lan birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r. (\u0130kili, d\u00f6rtl\u00fc veya dokuzlu a\u015f\u0131 gibi). Ancak hepsinin amac\u0131 HPV\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 kanser ve si\u011fil geli\u015fimini \u00f6nlemektir.<\/p>\n

HPV A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. \n

    Gardasil 4 (Quadrivalent):<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Koruma sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tipler:<\/h4>\n

    HPV 6, 11, 16, 18<\/p>\n

    Hem si\u011fil hem de kanser tiplerine kar\u015f\u0131 korur.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      Gardasil 9 (Nonavalent):<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Koruma sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tipler:<\/h4>\n

      HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58<\/p>\n

      En kapsaml\u0131 a\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. En \u00e7ok tercih edilen a\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n

        Cervarix:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Koruma sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tipler:<\/h4>\n

        HPV 16, 18<\/p>\n

        Sadece kansere kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flar. Si\u011fillere kar\u015f\u0131 korumaz.<\/p>\n

        Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde art\u0131k pek kullan\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n

        HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen gruplar ve ya\u015f aral\u0131klar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Ergenlik D\u00f6nemi (9-14 Ya\u015f Aras\u0131):<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkenin sa\u011fl\u0131k otoritesi, HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ideal olarak 9-14 ya\u015f aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklara (k\u0131z ve erkek) uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nermektedir. Bu ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi gen\u00e7tir ve cevap g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca genellikle cinsel aktivitenin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce bu a\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ki\u015fi vir\u00fcsle tan\u0131\u015fmadan koruma sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olur. Bu ya\u015f grubunda a\u015f\u0131\u00a02 doz<\/strong>\u00a0\u015feklinde uygulanabilir (ilk dozdan 6 ay sonra ikinci doz).<\/p>\n

        Gen\u00e7 Yeti\u015fkinler (15-26 Ya\u015f Aras\u0131):<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        E\u011fer ergenlik d\u00f6neminde a\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fsa, 26 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar kad\u0131n ve erkeklerin HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 olmalar\u0131 \u00f6nerilir. Bu ya\u015f grubunda ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tam olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131\u00a03 doz<\/strong>\u00a0halinde uygulan\u0131r (0, 2. ay ve 6. ay gibi bir takvimle). Ki\u015fi cinsel olarak aktif olsa bile, hen\u00fcz kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 HPV tiplerine kar\u015f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 yine koruma sa\u011flayabilir. Bu nedenle 26 ya\u015f alt\u0131ndaki herkesin a\u015f\u0131y\u0131 yapt\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

        27-45 Ya\u015f Aras\u0131 Yeti\u015fkinler:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        26 ya\u015f\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011fi halde HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015f baz\u0131 ki\u015filer de a\u015f\u0131dan fayda g\u00f6rebilir. \u00d6zellikle birden fazla cinsel partneri olan veya HPV\u2019ye maruz kalma riski y\u00fcksek ki\u015filerde, 45 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar a\u015f\u0131 uygulanabilir. Bu ya\u015f grubunda a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011fi gen\u00e7lere g\u00f6re biraz daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olsa da, yine de koruyucu etki sa\u011flayabilir. 27-45 ya\u015f aras\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131 karar\u0131, ki\u015finin risk fakt\u00f6rleri ve doktorun de\u011ferlendirmesiyle bireysel olarak al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131,\u00a0hem k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na hem erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na<\/strong>\u00a0\u00f6nerilmektedir. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta a\u015f\u0131 programlar\u0131 daha \u00e7ok k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 hedef alm\u0131\u015fsa da, erkeklerin a\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 hem onlar\u0131 HPV\u2019nin yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi penis, an\u00fcs ve orofarinks kanserlerinden korur, hem de toplumda vir\u00fcs dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltarak kad\u0131nlar\u0131 dolayl\u0131 olarak korur.<\/p>\n

        A\u015f\u0131, genellikle kol kas\u0131na yap\u0131lan enjeksiyon \u015feklindedir. Yayg\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lar canl\u0131 vir\u00fcs i\u00e7ermez; vir\u00fcs\u00fcn belli proteinlerine kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k olu\u015fturur. Bu nedenle\u00a0HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 kesinlikle enfeksiyona ya da kansere yol a\u00e7maz.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00d6zetle, HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ocukluk ve ergenlik d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilen, g\u00fcvenli ve etkili bir a\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Hen\u00fcz ulusal a\u015f\u0131 takvimine girmemi\u015f \u00fclkelerde bile aileler doktorlar\u0131na dan\u0131\u015farak \u00fccretli olarak a\u015f\u0131y\u0131 temin edebilirler. A\u015f\u0131 sayesinde ileride olu\u015fabilecek rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere HPV ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bir\u00e7ok kanser ve si\u011fil vakas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

        HPV A\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Yan Etkileri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

        HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 genellikle g\u00fcvenli kabul edilse de, her a\u015f\u0131da oldu\u011fu gibi baz\u0131 yan etkiler g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Bu yan etkiler genellikle hafif ve ge\u00e7icidir.<\/p>\n

        En s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen yan etkiler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        A\u015f\u0131 Yerinde A\u011fr\u0131, K\u0131zar\u0131kl\u0131k veya \u015ei\u015flik: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        A\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan b\u00f6lgede hafif a\u011fr\u0131, k\u0131zar\u0131kl\u0131k veya \u015fi\u015flik yayg\u0131n olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

        Ate\u015f: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Baz\u0131 ki\u015filerde hafif ate\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

        Ba\u015f A\u011fr\u0131s\u0131: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen yan etkiler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Yorgunluk: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Halsizlik veya yorgunluk hissi ya\u015fanabilir.<\/p>\n

        Kas A\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Kaslarda hafif a\u011fr\u0131lar olu\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n

        Mide Bulant\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Nadiren mide bulant\u0131s\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

        Bay\u0131lma: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        \u00d6zellikle gen\u00e7lerde, a\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 bay\u0131lma g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Bu nedenle, a\u015f\u0131dan sonra 15-20 dakika kadar dinlenmek \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

        Nadir durumlarda, daha ciddi yan etkiler g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Ancak bu durumlar olduk\u00e7a enderdir.<\/p>\n

        Alerjik Reaksiyonlar: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Nadiren ciddi alerjik reaksiyonlar (anafilaksi) g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

        Guillain-Barr\u00e9 Sendromu (GBS): <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        \u00c7ok nadir g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir sinir sistemi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Kimler HPV A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 Olmamal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 genellikle g\u00fcvenlidir, ancak baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kullanabilece\u011fi \u00f6nerilmez. \u00d6zellikle a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7alar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ciddi reaksiyonlar g\u00f6steren bireylerde a\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca hamile kad\u0131nlara HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6nerilmez. Do\u011fumdan sonra a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer dozlar\u0131 tamamlanabilir. Do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n olas\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumlar\u0131na devam edilmekle birlikte, a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bebek \u00fczerindeki mevcut olmas\u0131 en az indirme i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131lama do\u011fumdan sonra ertelenmelidir.<\/p>\n

        HPV A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 Nerede Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, hastaneler ve sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kolayca yapt\u0131r\u0131labilir. A\u015f\u0131n\u0131n uygulanabilece\u011fi yerler aras\u0131nda devlet hastaneleri ve \u00f6zel hastaneler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, aile sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkezleri de HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun bir se\u00e7enektir. Bu sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131, a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n eri\u015filebilirli\u011fini art\u0131rarak toplumda HPV’ye kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flamay\u0131 hedeflemektedir.<\/p>\n

        Hastaneler ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Merkezleri<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, hastaneler ve sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yapt\u0131r\u0131labilir. Devlet hastanelerinde uygulanabildi\u011fi gibi \u00f6zel hastanelerde de a\u015f\u0131 hizmeti sunulmaktad\u0131r. Bu sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131, a\u015f\u0131laman\u0131n eri\u015fimini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rarak HPV’ye kar\u015f\u0131 toplumsal koruma sa\u011flamay\u0131 hedefler. A\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131rmak isteyen bireyler, en yak\u0131n hastane veya sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezine ba\u015fvurarak bilgi alabilir ve a\u015f\u0131 randevusu olu\u015fturabilir.<\/p>\n

        Aile Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Merkezleri<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Aile Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Merkezleri, HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n uygulanabilece\u011fi bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli yerdir. Bu merkezlerde, a\u015f\u0131yla ilgili gerekli bilgilendirme ve y\u00f6nlendirmeler sa\u011flan\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131laman\u0131n yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 merkezleri se\u00e7erken, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinin kalitesi, hijyen ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve uzman doktorlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi unsurlar \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

        A\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce, sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu ve ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki alerjik reaksiyonlar hakk\u0131nda doktorla bilgi payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

        HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in hastaneler, sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezleri ve aile sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkezleri gibi bir\u00e7ok se\u00e7enek mevcuttur. A\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkili olabilmesi i\u00e7in uygun yerde, do\u011fru zamanda ve do\u011fru \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Bu nedenle, a\u015f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi almak ve randevu almak i\u00e7in sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131na ba\u015fvurman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n

        HPV\u2019den Korunma Yollar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        HPV enfeksiyonundan korunmak, uzun vadede hem si\u011fillerden hem de ciddi kanser riskinden korunmak anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

        A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da HPV\u2019den korunmak i\u00e7in etkili y\u00f6ntemler s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        HPV A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 Olun: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Korunman\u0131n en etkili yollar\u0131ndan biri, uygun ya\u015f grubundaysan\u0131z HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131rmakt\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131, HPV\u2019nin en tehlikeli tiplerine kar\u015f\u0131 v\u00fccudu savunur. E\u011fer cinsel hayata ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce a\u015f\u0131lan\u0131rsan\u0131z, v\u00fccudunuz vir\u00fcsle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmadan haz\u0131r hale gelir. Cinsel olarak aktif olsan\u0131z bile, hen\u00fcz maruz kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z HPV tiplerine kar\u015f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flayabilir. M\u00fcmk\u00fcnse hem kendiniz hem de \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131z (k\u0131z veya erkek) uygun ya\u015fa geldi\u011finde a\u015f\u0131 program\u0131na dahil olsun.<\/p>\n

        Kondom (Prezervatif) Kullan\u0131n: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        HPV dahil pek \u00e7ok cinsel yolla bula\u015fan hastal\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flar. Do\u011fru ve d\u00fczenli kondom kullan\u0131m\u0131, HPV bula\u015fma riskini azalt\u0131r. Ancak tamamen \u00f6nlemez.<\/p>\n

        \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kondom, genital b\u00f6lgenin tamam\u0131n\u0131 kapatmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in vir\u00fcs\u00fcn korunmayan deri temas\u0131 ile ge\u00e7ebilece\u011fi alanlar kalabilir.<\/p>\n

        Yine de cinsel ili\u015fki s\u0131ras\u0131nda kondom kullanmak, HPV de dahil olmak \u00fczere enfeksiyon riskini belirgin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in kesinlikle tavsiye edilir.<\/p>\n

        Cinsel Partner Say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131n: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Birden fazla partnerle korunmas\u0131z cinsel ili\u015fki, HPV\u2019ye maruz kalma ihtimalini art\u0131r\u0131r. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca tek e\u015flilik (kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 tek e\u015fli bir ili\u015fki) tercih edin. Partnerinizin de sadakatine ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterin. Yeni bir ili\u015fkiye ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, her iki taraf\u0131n da cinsel yolla bula\u015fan enfeksiyonlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan test yapt\u0131rmas\u0131 faydal\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n

        D\u00fczenli Sa\u011fl\u0131k Kontrolleri Yap\u0131n: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in belirli aral\u0131klarla Pap smear testi ve gerekli ise HPV testi yapt\u0131rmak, enfeksiyon kap\u0131lsa bile erken d\u00f6nemde tespit edilmesini ve sorun yaratmadan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini sa\u011flar. Smear testi, rahim a\u011fz\u0131nda HPV\u2019nin olu\u015fturabilece\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fimleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131karabilece\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Doktorunuzun \u00f6nerdi\u011fi s\u0131kl\u0131kta jinekolojik muayene ve taramalar\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131n. Erkekler de genital b\u00f6lgelerinde fark ettikleri herhangi bir si\u011fil veya lezyon oldu\u011funda vakit kaybetmeden doktora ba\u015fvurmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k Sisteminizi G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Tutun: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131, v\u00fccudun enfeksiyonlarla m\u00fccadelede en b\u00fcy\u00fck yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Dengeli beslenme, yeterli uyku, d\u00fczenli egzersiz ve stresten ka\u00e7\u0131nma, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

        G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k, HPV enfeksiyonunu alm\u0131\u015f olsan\u0131z bile vir\u00fcs\u00fcn v\u00fccuttan daha kolay temizlenmesini sa\u011flayabilir. Ayr\u0131ca sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmak \u00f6zellikle rahim a\u011fz\u0131 b\u00f6lgesindeki h\u00fccrelerin ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rarak HPV\u2019nin zararl\u0131 etkilerini \u00f6nlemede \u00f6nemlidir. Sigara i\u00e7en kad\u0131nlarda HPV\u2019nin kal\u0131c\u0131 enfeksiyon ve kanser yapma ihtimali daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n

        Ki\u015fisel Hijyen ve Ortak E\u015fya Kullan\u0131m\u0131na Dikkat Edin: <\/strong><\/h4>\n

        HPV\u2019nin ortak e\u015fya ile bula\u015fmas\u0131 nadir de olsa, genel hijyen kurallar\u0131na uymak her zaman iyi bir fikirdir. Ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r\u0131, havlu gibi ki\u015fisel e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n. Ortak alanlarda (havuz, sauna, hamam gibi) genel temizli\u011fe \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilen yerleri tercih edin.<\/p>\n

        \u015e\u00fcpheli Durumlarda \u0130li\u015fkiyi Erteleyin:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        E\u011fer partnerinizin genital b\u00f6lgesinde si\u011fil gibi lezyonlar fark ederseniz, bunlar tedavi edilene dek cinsel temas\u0131 ertelemek mant\u0131kl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Si\u011filler tedavi edildikten ve doktor onay\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra korunarak cinsel ili\u015fkiye devam edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        HPV (\u0130nsan Papilloma Vir\u00fcs\u00fc) Nedir? HPV (\u0130nsan Papilloma Vir\u00fcs\u00fc) cinsel yolla bula\u015fan bir vir\u00fcst\u00fcr. Bu HPV vir\u00fcsleri deri ve mukoza zarlar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen birden fazla vir\u00fcs t\u00fcr\u00fcnden olu\u015fan bir ailedir. HPV’nin \u00e7e\u015fitli varyasyonlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 enfeksiyonlara sebep olabilirken baz\u0131lar\u0131 hi\u00e7bir semptom geli\u015fmesine neden olmaz. En yayg\u0131n belirtisi genital b\u00f6lgede veya an\u00fcs \u00e7evresinde olu\u015fan si\u011fillerdir. Bununla birlikte, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11374,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1468,1661],"tags":[3010,3011],"yoast_head":"\nHPV (\u0130nsan Papilloma Vir\u00fcs\u00fc) Nedir? - Turkey Istanbul Medical<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"HPV (\u0130nsan Papilloma Vir\u00fcs\u00fc) cinsel yolla bula\u015fan bir vir\u00fcst\u00fcr. 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