{"id":301,"date":"2019-08-23T13:36:48","date_gmt":"2019-08-23T13:36:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/?post_type=portfolio&#038;p=301"},"modified":"2021-05-19T17:25:03","modified_gmt":"2021-05-19T17:25:03","slug":"kemik-hastaliklari","status":"publish","type":"portfolio","link":"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/portfolio\/kemik-hastaliklari\/","title":{"rendered":"Kemik Hastal\u0131klar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 id=\"Kemik_Erimesi_Osteoporoz\" class=\"anchor-title\"><strong>Kemik Erimesi (Osteoporoz)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Kemik erimesi (osteoporoz) nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>T\u0131ptaki ad\u0131 ile osteoporoz; kemik k\u00fctlesi ve kalitesinin bozulmas\u0131 sonucu kemik k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile seyreden bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kemikler 35 ya\u015f\u0131ndan sonra i\u00e7erdi\u011fi minerali (kalsiyum) kaybetmeye ba\u015flar. Olu\u015fan kemik miktar\u0131, kaybedilen kemik miktar\u0131ndan az olursa kemik kayb\u0131 ve kemik k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 olu\u015fur. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n menopozdan sonra bu hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanma s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 erkeklere oranla daha fazlad\u0131r. Bunun nedeni menopoz sonras\u0131 \u00f6strojen hormonunun azalmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca baz\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n seyrinde, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerde ve baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Kemik erimesi en \u00e7ok omurlar, kal\u00e7a kemi\u011fi ve bileklerde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bunun sonucunda ki\u015fide boy k\u0131sal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da bu b\u00f6lgelerde hayati \u00f6nem arz eden omurga, kal\u00e7a k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 olu\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3513\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/osteoporoz.jpg\" alt=\"Kemik Erimesi (Osteoporoz)\" width=\"1394\" height=\"1156\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Sebepleri<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Osteosarkom olu\u015fumuna neden olan etmenler tam olarak bilinmemektedir, genetik\u200e fakt\u00f6rlerin veya b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin etkisi akla gelmektedir. Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda osteosarkom olu\u015fma riskini artt\u0131ran ba\u015fka fakt\u00f6rler de vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu fakt\u00f6rlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 daha \u00f6nce ba\u015fka bir t\u00fcm\u00f6r tedavisi i\u00e7in uygulanan radyoaktif \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar (radyoterapi\u200e) veya sitostatik (zehirli kanser ila\u00e7lar\u0131) ila\u00e7lard\u0131r. Her ikisi de kemik olu\u015fturan h\u00fccrelerin yap\u0131s\u0131na zarar vererek kemik t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerinin olu\u015fumuna neden olabilirler.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ift tarafl\u0131 Retinoblastom\u200e, Li-Fraumeni sendromu\u200e veya Bloom sendromu\u200e gibi baz\u0131 genetik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan \u00e7ocuk ve gen\u00e7lerde ostesoarkom geli\u015fme riski y\u00fcksektir. Ayr\u0131ca Paget hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 gibi kronik kemik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan ki\u015filerde de osteasarkom geli\u015fme riski y\u00fcksektir. Ancak, osteosarkomlu hastalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda (%90) yukar\u0131da belirtilen risk fakt\u00f6rlerinin hi\u00e7 biri tespit edilememektedir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kemik Erimesinin Belirtileri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u0131rt a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Bel ve boyun a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Boy k\u0131salmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6ne e\u011fik ve kambur v\u00fccut duru\u015fu<\/li>\n<li>El bile\u011fi, kal\u00e7a ve omurga gibi kemiklerde k\u0131r\u0131klar.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130leri derecede kemik erimesi durumunda basit kazalar bile k\u0131r\u0131klara neden olabilir<\/li>\n<li>Yayg\u0131n kemik a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 ve kemiklerde hassasiyet<\/li>\n<li>Kemiklerdeki erimeden kaynaklanan v\u00fccuttaki \u015fekil bozukluklar\u0131<\/li>\n<li>A\u011fr\u0131 ve k\u0131r\u0131klardan dolay\u0131 hastada giderek artan hareketsizlik<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Kemik erimesi (osteoporoz) tan\u0131s\u0131 nas\u0131l konur?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Osteoporozun tespit edilmesi ve tedavisi kolay olmakla birlikte k\u0131r\u0131k olu\u015ftuktan sonra toplumsal a\u00e7\u0131dan maliyeti y\u00fcksek, hastan\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 tehdit edebilen ve ya\u015fam kalitesini azaltan bir durum haline gelebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131s\u0131 klinik bulgular, baz\u0131 kan-idrar tetkikleri ve kemik yo\u011funluk \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc ile konulur.<\/p>\n<p>Osteoporoz riski ta\u015f\u0131yan hastal\u0131klara sahip bireyler, 65 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc kad\u0131nlar, 70 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc erkekler, ailesinde ve kendisinde k\u0131r\u0131k \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc olan bireylerin, osteoporoz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir hekim taraf\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kemik erimesi (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.trasd.org.tr\/hastalik\/osteoporoz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">osteoporoz<\/a>) engellenebilir mi?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Osteoporoz olu\u015fumunda genetik fakt\u00f6r ve \u00e7evresel fakt\u00f6rler etkilidir.<\/p>\n<p>Genetik fakt\u00f6rler de\u011fi\u015ftirilemez, ancak baz\u0131 \u00e7evresel baz\u0131 fakt\u00f6rler kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bireylerin \u00e7ocukluk \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndan itibaren d\u00fczenli egzersiz yapmalar\u0131, kalsiyumdan zengin beslenmeleri, g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisinden faydalanmalar\u0131 hem kemik k\u00fctlesinin olu\u015fumunda hem de korunmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p>Ayn\u0131 zamanda sigara, alkol, kahve t\u00fcketiminin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 osteoporoz riskini azaltmada \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3517\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/osteoporoz-nedir-1.png\" alt=\"Kemik Erimesi (Osteoporoz)\" width=\"696\" height=\"417\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kemik erimesi (osteoporoz) nas\u0131l tedavi edilir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Osteoporoz tedavisinde kalsiyum ve D vitamini ile birlikte kemik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltan ve kemik yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131ran baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130la\u00e7 tedavisine ek olarak ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesi, d\u00fczenli egzersiz yap\u0131lmas\u0131, ve g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisinden faydalan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle kemiklere k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck y\u00fcklenmeler olu\u015fturan ve yer \u00e7ekimine kar\u015f\u0131 uygulanan egzersizlerin kemik kitlesini art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Fizik Tedavi Rehabilitasyon B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcm\u00fczde uygulanan EMS egzersiz program\u0131 gibi \u00f6zel antrenman programlar\u0131, osteoporoz tedavisinde kemik yo\u011funlu\u011funu art\u0131r\u0131rken, k\u0131r\u0131k riskini azaltan ve ya\u015fam kalitesini art\u0131ran yakla\u015f\u0131mlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kemik erimesi (osteoporoz) i\u00e7in uygulanan cerrahi tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Osteoporoz te\u015fhisi konan hastalarda k\u0131r\u0131k olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015fsa koruyucu tedaviye ba\u015flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Koruyucu tedavide ana \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 hastan\u0131n egzersiz yapmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Tempolu y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fler kemi\u011fin mevcut kuvvetini korumas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Aktivite ve hareket sayesinde ki\u015finin kaslar\u0131 geli\u015ftik\u00e7e, kemiklere gelen zorlay\u0131c\u0131 kuvvetler de azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla k\u0131r\u0131k riski azal\u0131r. Koruyucu ila\u00e7lar ise osteoporoz d\u00f6neminde g\u00f6r\u00fclen y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 azaltabilir ve dengeleyebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Omurgas\u0131nda k\u0131r\u0131klar ba\u015flayan hastalarda cerrahi olarak kemik \u00e7imentosu ya da baz\u0131 organik malzemelerle kemik i\u00e7i doldurularak sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Ra\u015fitizm\" class=\"anchor-title\"><strong>Ra\u015fitizm<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Ra\u015fitizm nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ra\u015fitizm, kalsiyum ve fosfor gibi kemiklerin geli\u015fiminde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli rol oynayan minerallerin kemiklerde yeterince bulunmamas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcmekte olan kimselerde geli\u015fen kemik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Kemik b\u00fcy\u00fcmesinin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan sonra geli\u015fen mineralizasyon kusuruna ise osteomalazi (kemik yumu\u015famas\u0131) denir.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cocukendokrindiyabet.org\/uzman_gorusleri\/35\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ra\u015fitizm<\/a>, ba\u015fl\u0131ca kemik doku olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok sistemi ilgilendiren bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. D vitamini eksikli\u011fi, \u00fclkemizde en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen vitamin yetersizli\u011fidir. D vitamini yeterince v\u00fccuda al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kalsiyumdan yeterince yararlan\u0131lamaz ve kemikle\u015fme bozulur.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"size-full wp-image-3521 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ra\u015fitizm.jpg\" alt=\"Ra\u015fitizm\" width=\"390\" height=\"222\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ra\u015fitizm Nedenleri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>D vitamini eksikli\u011fi<\/li>\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131rsak hastal\u0131klar\u0131<\/li>\n<li>B\u00f6brek hastal\u0131klar\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Genetik durumlar<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fcne\u015f g\u00f6rmemek<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Baz\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131rsak hastal\u0131klar\u0131 da emilime ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ra\u015fitizme neden olmaktad\u0131r. D vitamini eksikli\u011fi b\u00f6breklere ba\u011fl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclerek ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r ya da d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan al\u0131ma ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak D vitamini eksikli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. S\u0131kl\u0131kla bebeklerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen ra\u015fitizm anne s\u00fct\u00fc i\u00e7meyen bebeklerde daha \u00e7ok ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ra\u015fitizm Belirtileri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0130skelet deformasyonu:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Garip \u015fekilli bir kafatas\u0131 (kafatas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6vdeye g\u00f6re b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131)<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7arp\u0131k bacaklar<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs kemi\u011fi<\/li>\n<li>Kavisli bir omurga<\/li>\n<li>Pelvik deformasyonlar<\/li>\n<li>El ve ayak bileklerinde geni\u015flemeKol, bacak, pelvis veya omurga kemiklerindeki a\u011fr\u0131 veya hassasiyet<\/li>\n<li>B\u00fcy\u00fcme bozuklu\u011fu ve boy k\u0131sal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Kemiklerde k\u0131r\u0131lma<\/li>\n<li>Kas kramplar\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Di\u015f deformasyonlar\u0131, \u00f6rne\u011fin:<\/li>\n<li>Ge\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kan di\u015fler<\/li>\n<li>Di\u015f \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesi<\/li>\n<li>Abseler<\/li>\n<li>Di\u015f yap\u0131s\u0131nda kusurlar<\/li>\n<li>Di\u015fler aras\u0131nda bo\u015fluklar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u200b<strong>Ra\u015fitizm Nas\u0131l Tespit Edilmektedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ra\u015fitizmin tespit edilmesi i\u00e7in baz\u0131 testler gerekmektedir. Bu testler te\u015fhis koyulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Testler sonucunda te\u015fhis koyulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\" wp-image-3525 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/rasitizm.jpg\" alt=\"Ra\u015fitizm\" width=\"530\" height=\"258\" \/><\/p>\n<h4><strong>Ra\u015fitizm tespiti i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan testler<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Kemik filmi<\/li>\n<li>Kan tahlili<\/li>\n<li>Kalsiyum \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/li>\n<li>Fosfor \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/li>\n<li>ALP \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Tedavisi Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ra\u015fitizm tedavisi i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle doktorunuza ba\u015fvurunuz. Doktorunuz \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun ra\u015fitizm olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in sizlere sorular soracak ve muhtemelen farkl\u0131 testler isteyecektir. Tan\u0131 sonras\u0131 \u00e7ocu\u011funuza re\u00e7ete edilen ila\u00e7lar\u0131 ve tedavi plan\u0131na harfiyen uymal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>Ra\u015fitizm i\u00e7in tedavi, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda yatan nedene g\u00f6re planlan\u0131r. Tedavi a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00f6zelikle D vitamini, kalsiyum veya fosfor seviyelerinin v\u00fccuttaki olmas\u0131 gereken seviyelere d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi esast\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/Medical-department\/kas-hastaliklari\/<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Kemik_Kanseri_Osteosarkom\" class=\"anchor-title\"><strong>Kemik Kanseri (Osteosarkom)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Kemik Kanseri Nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kemik kanseri v\u00fccuttaki herhangi bir kemikte ba\u015flayabilir, ancak \u00e7o\u011funlukla pelvis, kol ve bacaklardaki uzun kemikleri etkiler. Kemik kanserleri nadirdir ve t\u00fcm kanserlerin y\u00fczde 1&#8217;inden daha az\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Kanserli olmayan kemik t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri kanserli olanlardan \u00e7ok daha yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Baz\u0131 kemik kanserleri \u00f6ncelikle \u00e7ocuklarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla yeti\u015fkinleri etkiler. Cerrahi operasyon en s\u0131k uygulanan tedavi y\u00f6ntemidir, ancak kemoterapi ve radyasyon tedavisi de kullan\u0131labilir. Cerrahi operasyon, kemoterapi veya radyasyon tedavisini kullanma karar\u0131, tedavi edilmekte olan kemik kanserinin tipine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3529\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/kemik-knser.jpg\" alt=\"Kemik Kanseri (Osteosarkom)\" width=\"730\" height=\"480\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kemik Kanseri Belirtileri<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Kemik a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 ila\u00e7larla ge\u00e7miyorsa,<\/li>\n<li>Hissedilen a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddeti giderek art\u0131yorsa,<\/li>\n<li>Kemiklerde \u015fi\u015flik ve k\u0131zar\u0131kl\u0131k da fark ediliyorsa,<\/li>\n<li>A\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgede kitle ve sertlik varsa,<\/li>\n<li>\u0130\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, halsizlik, yorgunluk, ate\u015f, aksama ve d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc gibi belirtilerle devam etmesi kemik kanserinin belirtileri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Kemik T\u00fcm\u00f6rlerinin Tipleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>K\u00f6t\u00fc Huylu (Malign) Seyreden T\u00fcm\u00f6rler<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Metastatik Kemik T\u00fcm\u00f6rleri:<\/strong> Kemi\u011fe ba\u015fka organlardan s\u0131\u00e7rayan k\u00f6t\u00fc huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerdir. Hastalar s\u0131kl\u0131kla istirahat ile ge\u00e7meyen a\u011fr\u0131 ya da patolojik k\u0131r\u0131k \u015fikayetleriyle ba\u015fvururlar. Prostat, akci\u011fer ve meme kanserleri kemiklere en s\u0131k metastaz yapan kanser t\u00fcrleridir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Multipl Miyelom:<\/strong> Multipl miyelom en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen birincil kemik kanseridir. Kemik ili\u011finin k\u00f6t\u00fc huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr. Her y\u0131l milyonda 20 ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden olabilir. Herhangi bir kemi\u011fi etkileyebilir ve 50-70 ya\u015f aras\u0131 hastalarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Osteosarkom:<\/strong> Osteosarkom ikinci en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen kemik kanseridir. S\u0131kl\u0131kla ergenlik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda ve diz b\u00f6lgesinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan osteosarkom her y\u0131l milyonda 2-3 ki\u015fide g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Daha ender olmakla birlikte kal\u00e7a ve omuz b\u00f6lgesinde de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ewing sarkomu:<\/strong> Ewing sarkomu s\u0131kl\u0131kla 5-20 ya\u015f aras\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr; geni\u015f yumu\u015fak bir doku kitlesi ile birlikte kemik harabiyeti olu\u015fturur. V\u00fccutta en s\u0131k \u00fcst ve alt ekstremite, pelvis ve kaburga kemiklerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kondrosarkom<\/strong>: Kondrosarkom s\u0131kl\u0131kla 40-70 ya\u015f aras\u0131nda kal\u00e7a b\u00f6lgesi, pelvis ve omuzda kitle ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir kemik t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fididir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0130yi\u00a0 Huylu (Benign) Seyreden T\u00fcm\u00f6rler<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>En s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclenler;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Non-osssifying fibroma<\/li>\n<li>Basit kemik kisti<\/li>\n<li>Osteokondrom<\/li>\n<li>Dev h\u00fccreli t\u00fcm\u00f6r<\/li>\n<li>Enkondrom<\/li>\n<li>Fibr\u00f6z displazi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Kemik Kanseri Te\u015fhisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme testleri, kemik t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerinin yerini ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin v\u00fccudun di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerine yay\u0131l\u0131p yay\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \u00d6nerilen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme testleri t\u00fcrleri, ki\u015fisel belirtilere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"size-full wp-image-3533 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/kemik-kanseri.jpg\" alt=\"Kemik Kanseri (Osteosarkom)\" width=\"440\" height=\"297\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kemik taramas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Bilgisayarl\u0131 tomografi (CT)<\/li>\n<li>Manyetik rezonans g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme (MRI)<\/li>\n<li>Pozitron emisyon tomografisi (PET)<\/li>\n<li>R\u00f6ntgen<\/li>\n<li>\u0130\u011fne veya cerrahi biyopsisi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Doktorunuz laboratuvar testinde t\u00fcm\u00f6rden al\u0131nan bir doku \u00f6rne\u011fini (biyopsi) \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in bir prosed\u00fcr \u00f6nerebilir. Yap\u0131lan testler dokunun kanserli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kanserin t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc belirlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Kemik kanserini te\u015fhis etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan biyopsi prosed\u00fcrleri:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h3><strong>\u0130\u011fne Biyopsisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Bir i\u011fnenin t\u00fcm\u00f6re sokulmas\u0131yla uygulanan biyopsi . \u0130\u011fne biyopsisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, doktorunuz derinize ince bir i\u011fne yerle\u015ftirir ve t\u00fcm\u00f6re k\u0131lavuzluk eder. Doktorunuz, t\u00fcm\u00f6rden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck doku par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in i\u011fneyi kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Cerrahi Biyopsi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Doku \u00f6rne\u011fi \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan ameliyat. Cerrahi biyopsi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, doktorunuz cildinize bir kesi yapar ve t\u00fcm t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. \u0130htiyac\u0131n\u0131z olan biyopsi t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve bunun nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek, dikkatli bir planlama ile yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kemik Kanseri Tedavisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kemik kanseri tedavi se\u00e7enekleri, sahip oldu\u011funuz kanser t\u00fcr\u00fcne, kanserin evresine ve genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 kemik kanserleri, farkl\u0131 tedavilere cevap verir, doktorunuz en iyi tedavi se\u00e7eneklerini belirlemede size rehberlik yapacakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, baz\u0131 kemik kanserleri sadece ameliyatla tedavi edilir; baz\u0131lar\u0131 ameliyat ve kemoterapi ile; ve baz\u0131lar\u0131 ameliyat, kemoterapi ve radyasyon terapisi ile.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kemik Kanserinde Cerrahi Operasyon<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ameliyat\u0131n amac\u0131 kanserli t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7\u0131karmakt\u0131r. T\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc ve etraf\u0131nda ki sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 dokuyu \u00e7\u0131kartmak i\u00e7in uygulanan bir prosed\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Cerrah, kaybedilen kemi\u011fi v\u00fccudunuzun ba\u015fka bir b\u00f6lgesinden alarak, kemik bankas\u0131ndan gelen ba\u015fka bir kemikle veya sert plastikten yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u00a0 bir par\u00e7a ile de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. \u00c7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck veya kemik \u00fczerinde karma\u015f\u0131k bir noktada bulunan kemik kanserleri, bir ekstremitenin (amputasyon) tamam\u0131n\u0131 veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in ameliyat gerektirebilir. Di\u011fer tedaviler geli\u015ftirildik\u00e7e, amputasyon daha az yayg\u0131n hale gelmektedir. Amputasyon gerekli ise, muhtemelen yapay bir uzuv tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan, yeni uzvunuzu kullanarak g\u00fcnl\u00fck ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in e\u011fitimden ge\u00e7ersiniz.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kemik Kanserinde Kemoterapi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kemoterapi, kanser h\u00fccrelerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in genellikle damardan (intraven\u00f6z olarak) verilen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc anti-kanser ila\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, bu tip tedavi, baz\u0131 kemik kanseri formlar\u0131 i\u00e7in di\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re daha iyi sonu\u00e7lar verir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, kemoterapi genellikle kondrosarkom i\u00e7in \u00e7ok etkili de\u011fildir, fakat osteosarkom ve Ewing sarkomunun tedavisinde \u00f6nemli rol oynar.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kemik Kanserinde Radyasyon Tedavisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Radyasyon tedavisi, kanser h\u00fccrelerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in X-\u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 gibi y\u00fcksek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc radyasyon \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Radyasyon tedavisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00f6zel bir makine etrafta dolan\u0131r ve \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u00fccudunuzdaki hassas noktalara hedef al\u0131rken bir masaya uzan\u0131r durumda olursunuz. Radyasyon tedavisi genellikle ameliyattan \u00f6nce kullan\u0131l\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltebilir ve daha kolay \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131labilir hale getirir.<\/p>\n<p>Radyasyon tedavisi, kemik kanseri olan ki\u015filerde ameliyat ile \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lamayan hastal\u0131kl\u0131 doku i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Ameliyattan sonra, geride b\u0131rak\u0131labilecek kanser h\u00fccrelerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130leri kemik kanseri olan ki\u015filerde radyasyon tedavisi, a\u011fr\u0131 ve belirtileri kontrol etme ama\u00e7l\u0131da kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Kronik_Miyeloid_L\u00f6semi_KML\" class=\"anchor-title\"><strong>Kronik Miyeloid L\u00f6semi (KML)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Kronik Miyelojenik L\u00f6semi Nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kronik Miyelojenik L\u00f6semi veya Kronik Gran\u00fclositik L\u00f6semi olarak da bilinir. Her ya\u015fta g\u00f6r\u00fclebilse de genellikle orta ya\u015ftan sonra g\u00f6r\u00fclen\u00a0 kan ve kemik ili\u011finin yava\u015f seyirli kanseridir. Kronik miyeloid l\u00f6semi (KML) l\u00f6semilerin yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rtte biridir ve\u00a0 her100.000 ki\u015fiden 1-2\u2019sinde hastal\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Akut l\u00f6semilere oranla genellikle daha az ciddidir.<\/p>\n<p>KML \u00f6zellikle gran\u00fclositlerin art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile seyreden bir kan kanseridir. Bu gran\u00fclositler anormal yap\u0131da olup sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 akyuvarlar gibi davranmazlar. Bunlara l\u00f6semik h\u00fccreler denir. Gran\u00fclositlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra trombosit dedi\u011fimiz, kan\u0131n p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan h\u00fccreler de kanda artabilir. L\u00f6semik h\u00fccreler sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beyaz h\u00fccrelere yer kalmayacak \u015fekilde kemik ili\u011fi ve kanda artar. B\u00f6ylece hastal\u0131k belirtileri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu h\u00fccreler di\u011fer dokularda , \u00f6zellikle dalakta da artarlar ve en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen bulgu dalak b\u00fcy\u00fcmesidir.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3537\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Chronic-Myeloid-Leukemia.jpg\" alt=\"Kronik Miyeloid L\u00f6semi (KML)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"769\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kronik Miyeloid L\u00f6seminin Sebepleri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>V\u00fccudumuzdaki normal h\u00fccreler 23 \u00e7ift kromozom i\u00e7erirler. KML\u2019li hastalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda, 22. kromozomda kal\u0131tsal olmayan (nesilden nesile ge\u00e7meyen) yap\u0131sal bir genetik anormallik ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f olan 22. kromozoma \u201c Philadelphia kromozomu\u201d denir. Kan h\u00fccrelerinde Philadelphia kromozomunun neden ve nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu\u011fu \u00e7ok iyi bilinmemektedir ancak h\u00fccrelerdeki kontrols\u00fcz art\u0131\u015ftan ve ya\u015fam s\u00fcrelerinin uzamas\u0131ndan sorumlu bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Atom bombalar\u0131ndan sonra o b\u00f6lgelerde KML s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anlaml\u0131 olarak artmas\u0131 radyasyonun hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n sebeplerinden biri oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ama kanser nedeniyle pek \u00e7ok radyoterapi g\u00f6ren hastada da KML ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmamaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca tan\u0131sal r\u00f6ntgen filmi \u00e7ektirmek gibi az miktardaki radyasyon hastal\u0131k olu\u015fumunda olumsuz etki yapmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n Belirtileri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n erken d\u00f6nemlerinde hastalar\u0131n genellikle \u015fik\u00e2yetleri yoktur. Hastalar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %40\u2019\u0131nda ba\u015fka nedenlerle gittikleri hastanede kan testleri yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tesad\u00fcfen l\u00f6kosit d\u00fczeyinin y\u00fcksek bulunmas\u0131 ile tan\u0131 konur. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesi ile;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>g\u00fcnl\u00fck aktivitelerde yorgunluk,<\/li>\n<li>ate\u015f,<\/li>\n<li>gece terlemesi,<\/li>\n<li>kilo kayb\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>genellikle sol tarafta kaburgalar alt\u0131nda (dalak b\u00f6lgesinde) dolgunluk, sertlik ve a\u011fr\u0131 hissi olur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>KML Nas\u0131l Te\u015fhis Edilir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img class=\"size-full wp-image-3541 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kronik-Miyeloid-L\u00f6semi-KML.jpg\" alt=\"Kronik Miyeloid L\u00f6semi (KML)\" width=\"493\" height=\"335\" \/><\/p>\n<p>KML te\u015fhisi i\u00e7in, fizik muayene ve basit kan tahlilleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, kemik ili\u011fi biyopsisi ve kandan yap\u0131lan daha y\u00fcksek teknolojili tahliller kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek teknolojili bu tahlillerin temel amac\u0131, Philadelphia kromozomu denilen ve KML\u2019de \u00e7ok s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir genetik yap\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini veya sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 testlerde g\u00f6stermektir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>KML Nas\u0131l Tedavi Edilir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>KML\u2019de l\u00f6kositlerin art\u0131\u015f\u0131na Philadelphia kromozomu yol a\u00e7ar. Bu anormal kromozomda olu\u015fan bcr-abl adl\u0131 yeni bir gen hastadaki bir enzimin aktivitesini (tirozinkinaz) artt\u0131r\u0131r, kontrols\u00fcz h\u00fccre \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131na neden olur. KML hedefe y\u00f6nelik tedavilerin ba\u015far\u0131yla kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Imatinib ad\u0131 verilen ila\u00e7, \u00f6zel olarak olarak, Philadelphia kromozomu ta\u015f\u0131yan h\u00fccrelere ba\u011flan\u0131r, normal h\u00fccrelere zarar vermez. B\u00f6ylece se\u00e7ici olarak Philadelphia kromozomu ta\u015f\u0131yan h\u00fccreler yok edilmi\u015f olur. Imatinib tedavisi ile KML hastalar\u0131n\u0131n %90\u2019\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131nda tam iyile\u015fme sa\u011flan\u0131r. Nadir olarak ilaca cevap vermeyen veya akut l\u00f6semiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen olgular g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Bu olgular kemoterapi ve k\u00f6k h\u00fccre nakli ile tedavi edilirler.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Kal\u00e7a_\u00c7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131\" class=\"anchor-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/\"><strong>Kal\u00e7a \u00c7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/a><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Do\u011fu\u015ftan Kal\u00e7a \u00c7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ciddi fakat \u00f6nlenebilir ve tedavisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan bir rahats\u0131zl\u0131k olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n erken te\u015fhi\u015f olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. Do\u011fu\u015ftan kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kal\u00e7a kemi\u011findeki topun yuvas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fu\u015ftan kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na neden olan fakt\u00f6rlerden biri de anne hormonlar\u0131n\u0131n kal\u00e7a kemi\u011finde gev\u015feklik yapmas\u0131, genetik etkenler, sezaryen do\u011fum ve bebe\u011fin anne karn\u0131ndaki pozisyonu etkili olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3545\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/kalca-cikikligi.jpg\" alt=\"Kemik Erimesi (Osteoporoz)\" width=\"660\" height=\"320\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tam \u00c7\u0131k\u0131k Kal\u00e7a:<\/strong> Kal\u00e7a kemi\u011findeki top, tamamen yuvan\u0131n i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Uygulanan bacak hareketleri ile \u00e7\u0131k\u0131k yerine gelir. Bu uygulama baca\u011f\u0131n b\u00fck\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u0131\u015fa do\u011fru yat\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla olur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yar\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131k Kal\u00e7a:<\/strong> Kal\u00e7a kemi\u011findeki top yuvan\u0131n i\u00e7indedir. Ancak yaln\u0131zca bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0131\u015fa ve yukar\u0131 do\u011fru bir pozisyonda olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00c7\u0131kabilir Kal\u00e7a:<\/strong> Yar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131k kal\u00e7a da oldu\u011fu gibi kal\u00e7a kemi\u011findeki top yuvan\u0131n i\u00e7erisindedir. Ancak \u00e7a\u015fitli hareketlerin uygulanmas\u0131 ile kolayca yerinden \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kal\u00e7a \u00c7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Belirtileri<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtileri genellikle doktor muayenesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kolayl\u0131kla farkedilebilir. Yenido\u011fan bebekler t\u0131pk\u0131 anne karn\u0131ndaki gibi dizler b\u00fck\u00fck bir \u015fekilde dururlar. Ancak yenido\u011fan bebeklerin bacaklar\u0131n\u0131 rahat\u00e7a d\u00fcz bir pozisyonda tutmalar\u0131 te\u015fhisi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda iki bacak aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131k, bacaklar\u0131n esneklik durumunun birbirinden farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve hareket k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi durumlar te\u015fhiste belirleyici bir rol oynamaktad\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yeni y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye ba\u015flayan bebe\u011fin sendelemesi gibi durumlar kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerindendir.<\/p>\n<p>Yenido\u011fan her bebek mutlaka bir uzman taraf\u0131ndan muayene edilmelidir. Muayene eden doktor herhangi bir \u015f\u00fcphe ve problem durumunda ortopedi doktoruna y\u00f6nlendirebilir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda 4 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n muayenesinde r\u00f6ntgen film \u00e7ekilmektedir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Do\u011fu\u015ftan Kal\u00e7a \u00c7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tedavisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3549\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/aaaaa.jpg\" alt=\"Kemik Erimesi (Osteoporoz)\" width=\"516\" height=\"312\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tedavisinde s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemlerden biri de \u201cPavlik Bandaj\u0131\u201d veya \u201cFrejka Yast\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d\u00a0 d\u0131r. Bu bandaj ile bebe\u011fin bacaklar\u0131n\u0131n birbirinden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte karn\u0131na do\u011fru \u00e7ekilmesi sa\u011flan\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece kal\u00e7a kemi\u011findeki topun yuvas\u0131na oturmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lan\u0131r. Tedavi s\u00fcrecindeki ilerlemeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak gece ve g\u00fcnd\u00fcz kullan\u0131lan bandaj tedavisi yakla\u015f\u0131k 2-3 ay kadar devam etmektedir. Ancak bandaj tedavisinden istenilen sonucun al\u0131namamas\u0131 durumunda al\u00e7\u0131 tedavisi veya bacaklar\u0131n ask\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131 gibi uygulamalar s\u00f6z konusu olabilir. Kal\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir di\u011fer tedavi y\u00f6ntemi ise ameliyatt\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan muayaneler sonucunda 18 aydan b\u00fcy\u00fck bebeklerde ameliyat ile tedaviye karar verilebilir.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Ewing_Sarkomu\" class=\"anchor-title\"><strong>Ewing Sarkomu<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Ewing Sarkomu Nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ewing sarkomu, kemiklerde veya kemiklerin etraf\u0131ndaki yumu\u015fak dokuda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan nadir bir kanser t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu kanser genellikle pelvis, bacak veya kol kemiklerinde ba\u015flar, ancak herhangi bir kemikte de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Daha az s\u0131kl\u0131kla kollar\u0131n, bacaklar\u0131n, karn\u0131n veya di\u011fer yerlerin yumu\u015fak dokular\u0131nda da ba\u015flayabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Ewing sarkom tedavisinde son zamanlarda \u00f6nemli ilerlemeler kaydedilmi\u015ftir. Tedavinin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan sonra, insanlar\u0131n yo\u011fun kemoterapi ve radyasyon tedavisinin potansiyel etkileri i\u00e7in \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu takip edilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Gen\u00e7lerde ve gen\u00e7 eri\u015fkinlerde daha s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr, ancak her ya\u015fta ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3553\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Ewings-Sarcoma.png\" alt=\"Ewing Sarkomu\" width=\"618\" height=\"712\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ewing Sarkomu Te\u015fhisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Tipik olarak, i\u015faret ve belirtiler ebeveynleri \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na t\u0131bbi yard\u0131m aramaya y\u00f6nlendirir. Bazen Ewing sarkomu, bir burkulma veya bir spor yaralanmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclerek tedaviye getirildi\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Genellikle r\u00f6ntgende \u015f\u00fcpheli bir alan g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Daha sonra doktor, alan\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in bir veya daha fazla ek g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme testleri \u00f6nerebilir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bilgisayarl\u0131 tomografi (BT)<\/li>\n<li>Manyetik rezonans g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme (MRI)<\/li>\n<li>Pozitron emisyon tomografisi (PET)<\/li>\n<li>Kemik taramas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Biyopsi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Doktor, laboratuar testinde t\u00fcm\u00f6rden al\u0131nan bir doku \u00f6rne\u011fini (biyopsi) \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in bir prosed\u00fcr \u00f6nerebilir. Test, dokunun kanserli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve e\u011fer \u00f6yleyse, ne t\u00fcr bir kanser oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Test, doktorun kanserin ne kadar agresif olabildi\u011fini anlamas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan kanserin evresini de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ewing sarkomunu te\u015fhis etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan biyopsi prosed\u00fcrleri:<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0130\u011fne Biyopsisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Doktor deriye ince bir i\u011fne yerle\u015ftirir ve t\u00fcm\u00f6re k\u0131lavuzluk eder. \u0130\u011fne, t\u00fcm\u00f6rden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir doku par\u00e7as\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Cerrahi Biyopsi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Doktor deriye bir kesi yapar ve t\u00fcm t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc (eksizyonel biyopsi) veya t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 (insizyonel biyopsi) \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Gerekli biyopsi t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn belirlenmesi ve bunun nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011fi, t\u0131bbi ekip taraf\u0131ndan dikkatli bir planlama yap\u0131larak belirlenir. Doktorunuzdan biyopsi \u00f6ncesinde Ewing sarkomunun tedavisi konusunda geni\u015f deneyime sahip bir uzman ekibine dan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Tan\u0131dan sonra, kanserin evresinin (a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n) belirlenmesi gerekir . Lokalize Ewing sarkomu k\u00f6keninin veya yak\u0131n dokular\u0131n \u00f6tesine yay\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Metastatik Ewing sarkomu ise v\u00fccudun di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerine yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kanser evresi tedavi se\u00e7eneklerini y\u00f6nlendirir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ewing Sarkomu Tedavisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Y\u0131llar ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e, Ewing sarkomunun tedavisinde \u00f6nemli ilerlemeler kaydedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ewing Sarkomunda Kemoterapi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img class=\"size-full wp-image-3557 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ewing-sarkomu.jpg\" alt=\"Ewing Sarkomu\" width=\"186\" height=\"271\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Kanser h\u00fccrelerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in ila\u00e7 kullanan kemoterapi, tedavi se\u00e7eneklerinin \u00f6nceli\u011fidir. Doktorlar, Ewing sarkom t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerini k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltmek ve \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ameliyat \u00f6ncesi kemoterapiyi \u00f6nermektedir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ewing Sarkomunda Cerrahi Operasyon<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ameliyat\u0131n amac\u0131 kanserli h\u00fccreleri \u00e7\u0131karmakt\u0131r, ancak cerrahlar ayr\u0131ca i\u015flevi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek ve sakatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 en aza indirgemek i\u00e7in bir tak\u0131m operasyonlar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrler. Ewing sarkomunun ameliyat\u0131, kemi\u011fin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 veya t\u00fcm uzuvlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir. Uzuvlar\u0131 koruma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn boyutu, yeri ve kemoterapiye cevab\u0131 gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rlere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ewing Sarkomunda Radyasyon Tedavisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Radyasyon tedavisi, kanser h\u00fccrelerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in X-\u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 ve protonlar gibi y\u00fcksek enerjili \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar kullan\u0131r. Kalan kanser h\u00fccrelerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in ameliyattan sonra kullan\u0131labilir. Radyasyon tedavisi, sarkomun, ameliyat\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya kabul edilemez fonksiyonel sonu\u00e7larla (ba\u011f\u0131rsak veya mesane fonksiyonu kayb\u0131 gibi) v\u00fccudun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yer al\u0131yorsa, cerrahi operasyon yerine da kullan\u0131labilir. Radyasyon tedavisi ayr\u0131ca Ewing sarkomunun neden oldu\u011fu a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Kondrosarkom\" class=\"anchor-title\"><strong>Kondrosarkom <\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Kondrosarkom Nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kondrosarkom nadir bir t\u00fcr kemik kanseridir. K\u0131k\u0131rdak h\u00fccrelerinden geli\u015fir ve sarkomlar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan kanserlerin bir kategorisidir. K\u0131k\u0131rdak dokusu b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u00fcrecinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayan \u00f6zel bir dokudur ve \u00e7o\u011fu kemik k\u0131k\u0131rdak dokusundan geli\u015fmektedir. Bu t\u00fcm\u00f6r genellikle yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcmektedir ve kemik i\u00e7inde ya da y\u00fczeyi \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fcmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Kondrosarkom birincil ve ikincil t\u00fcm\u00f6rler olarak kategorize edilebilir. Birincil kondrosarkom k\u0131k\u0131rdak h\u00fccrelerinden geli\u015fir, ikincil tip ise \u00f6nceden varolan iyi huylu k\u0131k\u0131rdak t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerinden geli\u015fir. Bu hastal\u0131k genellikle 50-70 aras\u0131 orta ya\u015fl\u0131 ve ya\u015fl\u0131 ki\u015filerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ve erkeklerde daha yayg\u0131n olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"size-full wp-image-3561 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kondrosarkom1.jpg\" alt=\"Kondrosarkom\" width=\"216\" height=\"234\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kondrosarkomun Nedenleri ve Risk Fakt\u00f6rleri:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Bu kemik kanserinin kesin nedeni bilinmemektedir, ancak genetik ya da kromozomal fakt\u00f6rlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olabilir. Kondrosarkom bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n risk fakt\u00f6rlerini bilmek, t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc izlemenize ve uygun tedaviyi alman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Kondrosarkom \u00e7o\u011funlukla normal sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 k\u0131k\u0131rdak h\u00fccrelerinden geli\u015fir ama ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6nceden var olan bir k\u0131k\u0131rdak t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcnden de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. \u0130\u015fte kondrosarkomun geli\u015febilece\u011fi baz\u0131 iyi huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin bir listesi!<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Enkondrom:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Genellikle ellerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen k\u0131k\u0131rdak h\u00fccrelerinden geli\u015fen iyi huylu bir kemik t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Osteokondrom:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>K\u0131k\u0131rdak ve kemik doku birlikte fazla geli\u015fmektedir ve genellikle uzun bir kemi\u011fin sonundan geli\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ollier Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Elleri etkileyen bir grup enkondromdur.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Maffucci Sendromu:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Maffucci sendromu, y\u00fcksek kanserle\u015fme oran\u0131 ile ili\u015fkili bir genetik bozukluktur. Erkek ve kad\u0131nlar\u0131n her ikisini de etkiler ve kemik deformiteleri, k\u0131k\u0131rdak b\u00fcy\u00fctmeler ile karakterizedir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kondrosarkomun Belirtileri:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kondrosarkomun belirtileri t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve konumuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye de\u011fi\u015febilir. En s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen semptomlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kemik \u00fczerinde \u015fi\u015flik, eklemlerde \u015fi\u015flik ve etkilenen b\u00f6lgelerde hassasiyet ve normal hareketlerde a\u011fr\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Etkilenen b\u00f6lgede kemiklerin zay\u0131flamas\u0131 ya da k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Geceleri k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fen ve anti-enflamatuar ila\u00e7lar ile rahatlayan a\u011fr\u0131<\/li>\n<li>A\u011fr\u0131 dinlenmekle rahatlamaz.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcm\u00f6r ci\u011ferlere yay\u0131l\u0131rsa nefes kesilmesi yada kanl\u0131 \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fc\u011fe neden olabilir.<\/li>\n<li>A\u011fr\u0131 yava\u015f yava\u015f k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fir ve y\u0131llarca s\u00fcrebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Kondrosarkom Te\u015fhisi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img class=\"size-full wp-image-3565 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kondrosarkom.jpg\" alt=\"Kondrosarkom\" width=\"300\" height=\"426\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Kondrosarkom gerekli testler ve r\u00f6ntgenler yard\u0131m\u0131 ile tan\u0131 alabilir. Ayr\u0131ca \u015fi\u015flik ya da hassasiyet varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in kemiklerin fizik muayenesini i\u00e7erir. Bu testlerin haricinde doktor taraf\u0131ndan genetik ge\u00e7mi\u015finin incelemesi yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn te\u015fhisi i\u00e7in yap\u0131labilecek testler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Biyopsi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ki\u015finin etkilenen kemi\u011finden al\u0131nan t\u00fcm\u00f6r \u00f6rne\u011finin incelendi\u011fi bir tan\u0131sal testtir. Bu \u00f6rnek, t\u00fcm\u00f6r ya da mevcut olabilecek herhangi anormal h\u00fccrelerin t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc belirlemek i\u00e7in mikroskop alt\u0131nda incelenir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>R\u00f6ntgen:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Elektromanyetik radyasyon kullanan i\u00e7 dokular\u0131, kemikleri ve k\u0131k\u0131rdaklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir tan\u0131sal testtir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Bilgisayarl\u0131 Tomografi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>R\u00f6ntgenden daha a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fekilde i\u00e7 organlar\u0131,kemikleri ve k\u0131k\u0131rdak dokular\u0131 g\u00f6steren bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Manyetik Rezonans G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme (MR):<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Organlar, kemikler ve yap\u0131lar\u0131n i\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in manyetik dalgalar\u0131 kullanan bir testtir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kondrosarkom Tedavisi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Uygulanacak tedavinin \u00e7e\u015fidi t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, kanserin yerine, boyutuna ve derecesine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Esas tedavi t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca doktor taraf\u0131ndan hastan\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131, \u00f6nceki hastal\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ve t\u0131bbi \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcne g\u00f6re de karar verilecektir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Cerrahi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Bu kanser t\u00fcr\u00fc genellikle radyasyon ve kemoterapiye tepki vermedi\u011fi i\u00e7in cerrahi bu kanser t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn tedavisinin ana \u015feklidir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Fizik Tedavi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Fizik tedavi etkilenen alan\u0131n iyile\u015fmesine ve ameliyat sonras\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc geri kazanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Radyasyon Tedavisi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Bu tedavide, y\u00fcksek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc X-\u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 kanser h\u00fccrelerini i\u015faretlemek ve yok etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Kanserin di\u011fer organlara yay\u0131lma riskini azalt\u0131r. Genellikle ameliyat sonras\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kemoterapi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kemoterapide v\u00fccuttaki kanser h\u00fccrelerini yok etmek i\u00e7in anti-kanser ila\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Kanserin v\u00fccudun di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerine yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 durumunda bu tedavi gerekli olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm\u00f6rler yineleyebilir bu nedenle hastan\u0131n d\u00fczenli olarak doktor kontrollerine gelmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. \u0130yile\u015fme s\u00fcresi ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye de\u011fi\u015febilir ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te aile ve arkada\u015flardan gelen duygusal destek olduk\u00e7a gereklidir.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Fibr\u00f6z_Displazi\" class=\"anchor-title\"><strong>Fibr\u00f6z Displazi<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Fibr\u00f6z Displazi Nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Fibr\u00f6z displazi, kemikte fibr\u00f6z doku geli\u015fmesi ile olu\u015fur. Fibr\u00f6z dokunun kemik i\u00e7inde geli\u015ferek kemik dokunun yerini al\u0131r ve bunun sonucunda fibr\u00f6z kemik zay\u0131flar. Zay\u0131f kemikte \u015fekil bozuklu\u011fu ve k\u0131r\u0131klar geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-3569 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/fibroz-displazi-.jpg\" alt=\"Fibr\u00f6z Displazi\" width=\"800\" height=\"566\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Fibr\u00f6z Displazi Hangi Kemikleri Tutar?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Fibroz displazi, v\u00fccudun herhangi bir kemi\u011finde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. S\u0131kl\u0131kla tutulan kemikler: femur, tibia, pelvis (uyluk) kemikleri, kaburgalar, kafatas\u0131, humerusdur.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Fibr\u00f6z Displazi Belirtileri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A\u011fr\u0131, kemik deformiteleri nedeniyle y\u00fcr\u00fcme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen bulgulard\u0131r. Kemik k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 olu\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Daha \u015fiddetli fibr\u00f6z displazi ise \u015fu bulgular\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kemik a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, genellikle hafif ila orta derecede a\u011fr\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\u015ei\u015fme<\/li>\n<li>Kemik deformitesi<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6zellikle kollarda veya bacaklarda kemik k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Bacak kemiklerinin e\u011frili\u011fi<\/li>\n<li>Fibr\u00f6z displazi v\u00fccuttaki herhangi bir kemi\u011fi etkileyebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Fibr\u00f6z Displazi Tan\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Tan\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131kl\u0131kla, direk radyografi, Bilgisayarl\u0131 Tomografi, MR tetkikleri yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kemik sintigarafisi de gerekebilir. Tan\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u011fne biyopsisi de yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Fibr\u00f6z Displazi Tedavisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Hastan\u0131n \u015fikayeti, deformitesi yoksa ilk a\u015famada hastal\u0131k sadece takip edilir. Bulgu ve deformite geli\u015fiminde osteoporozda kullan\u0131lan bifosfonat grubu ila\u00e7lar kullan\u0131larak kemik kayb\u0131 \u00f6nlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130leri olgularda cerrahi tedavi ile fibr\u00f6z displazi lezyonu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r ve yerine kemik greftleri koyulur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ancak en s\u0131k etkilenen kemikler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kafatas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Uyluk kemi\u011fi (femur)<\/li>\n<li>Kaval kemi\u011fi (tibia)<\/li>\n<li>\u00dcst kol kemi\u011fi (humerus)<\/li>\n<li>Kaburga<\/li>\n<li>Pelvis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"Paget_Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131\" class=\"anchor-title\"><strong>Paget Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Paget Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Neden Olur?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Paget hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kesin nedeni bilinmemektedir. Ancak hem genetik hem de \u00e7evresel etkenlerin tetiklemesi ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3573\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Paget-Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131-1.jpg\" alt=\"Paget Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131\" width=\"479\" height=\"272\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>1) Genetik Etkenler<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Paget hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 vakalar\u0131n\u0131n %10-15\u2019i aileden gelen genler taraf\u0131ndan tetikleniyor. Anne, baba veya karde\u015flerinden birinde Paget hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunan ki\u015filerin Paget hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yakalanma riski yakla\u015f\u0131k sekiz kat fazla.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>2) \u00c7evresel Etkenler<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hastal\u0131k ve durumlar\u0131n Paget hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tetikleyebilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>K\u0131zam\u0131k<\/li>\n<li>Gen\u00e7lik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 (k\u00f6pek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/li>\n<li>Solunum sinsisyal vir\u00fcs\u00fc (RSV)<\/li>\n<li>K\u0131rsal ya\u015fam tarz\u0131<\/li>\n<li>G\u0131das\u0131zl\u0131k<\/li>\n<li>Ra\u015fitizm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Paget Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tedavisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3><strong>1) Yak\u0131n \u0130zlem<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok Paget hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 vakas\u0131 herhangi bir tedavi gerektirmez. Te\u015fhis konulmu\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen herhangi bir belirti g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fcyorsa, d\u00fczenli kan testleri ile hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n seyri takip edilecek ve gerek g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde m\u00fcdahale edilecektir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>2) Kemik Geli\u015fiminin D\u00fczenlenmesi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ila\u00e7 tedavileri kullan\u0131larak kemik geli\u015fimi te\u015fvik edilebilir ve d\u00fczenlenebilir:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bifosfonatlar:<\/strong> \u0130lk tedavi se\u00e7ene\u011fidir. Kemik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 yapan h\u00fccreleri kontrol alt\u0131nda tutar. Bu sayede kemik yenilenme s\u00fcrecinin normale d\u00f6nmesi beklenir. Genellikle iki ay boyunca g\u00fcnde bir tablet halinde t\u00fcketilmesi \u00f6nerilir. Pamidronat \u015f\u0131r\u0131ngalar\u0131 da \u00f6nerilebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zoledronik Asit:<\/strong> Risedronat ve pamidronata alternatif olarak kullan\u0131lan yeni bir bifosfonatt\u0131r. \u015e\u0131r\u0131nga halinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Etkisi uzun s\u00fcrelidir. Her iki y\u0131lda sadece bir \u015f\u0131r\u0131nga bile yeterli olabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kalsitonin:<\/strong> Kandaki kalsiyum seviyeniz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckse, bifosfonat kullan\u0131m\u0131 tehlikeli olabilir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc daha da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme riski vard\u0131r. Bu vakalarda kemik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyen yapay kalsitonin hormonu gerekli olabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>A\u011fr\u0131 Kesiciler:<\/strong> Kemik a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olursa parasetamol veya ibuprofen ila\u00e7lar \u00f6nerilebilir. Bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131n yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 vakalarda doktorlar taraf\u0131ndan daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc a\u011fr\u0131 kesiciler \u00f6nerilecektir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>3) G\u0131da Takviyeleri<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kalsiyum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kalsiyum<\/a>, kemik geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015fendir. \u00c7o\u011fu Paget hastas\u0131na d\u00fczenli olarak kalsiyum takviyesi almas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir. Paget hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131n kandaki kalsiyum seviyesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme riski vard\u0131r. Bu durum kalsiyum takviyelerini daha da \u00f6nemli hale getirmektedir.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>4) Fizik Tedavi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Paget hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan etkilenen kemikleri \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131n\u0131n hafiflemesi i\u00e7in baz\u0131 medikal \u00fcr\u00fcnler tavsiye edilebilir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Baston vb. y\u00fcr\u00fcme destekleri<\/li>\n<li>Ayakkab\u0131 astar\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan ortotikler<\/li>\n<li>Omurga korseleri<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Baz\u0131 terapistlerce a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tedaviler de uygulanabilir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sinir sistemini te\u015fvik edecek elektrik dalgalar\u0131 (enerji tabanl\u0131 terapi)<\/li>\n<li>Kas g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131racak egzersizler<\/li>\n<li>Hareket a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak eklem terapileri<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>5) Cerrahi M\u00fcdahale<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Cerrahi m\u00fcdahale, kemik k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi ciddi problemlerde gerekli olabilir. \u015eiddetli kemik erimesi vakalar\u0131nda eklem onarma veya de\u011fi\u015ftirme ameliyat\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131 gerekebilir. Bazen de deforme olmu\u015f kemi\u011fin d\u00fczle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in ostektomi (kemik kesimi) gerekli olabilir.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"a6yCBtEntI\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/skolyoz-ormurga-egriligi-nedir\/\">Skolyoz (Ormurga E\u011frili\u011fi) Nedir ?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Skolyoz (Ormurga E\u011frili\u011fi) Nedir ?&#8221; &#8212; Turkey Istanbul Medical\" src=\"https:\/\/turkeyistanbulmedical.com\/tr\/skolyoz-ormurga-egriligi-nedir\/embed\/#?secret=a6yCBtEntI\" data-secret=\"a6yCBtEntI\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kemik Erimesi (Osteoporoz) Kemik erimesi (osteoporoz) nedir? T\u0131ptaki ad\u0131 ile osteoporoz; kemik k\u00fctlesi ve kalitesinin bozulmas\u0131 sonucu kemik k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile seyreden bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Kemikler 35 ya\u015f\u0131ndan sonra i\u00e7erdi\u011fi minerali (kalsiyum) kaybetmeye ba\u015flar. Olu\u015fan kemik miktar\u0131, kaybedilen kemik miktar\u0131ndan az olursa kemik kayb\u0131 ve kemik k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 olu\u015fur. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n menopozdan sonra bu hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanma s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 erkeklere [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":214,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"portfolio_category":[418],"portfolio_tag":[424,421,425,422,427,423,426,419,420,375],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.5 (Yoast SEO v18.4.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Kemik Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 - Turkey Istanbul Medical<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kemik erimesi (osteoporoz) nedir? 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